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Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (α1-antitrypsin deficiency, A1AD or simply Alpha-1) is an autosomal codominant genetic disorder caused by defective production of alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT), leading to decreased A1AT activity in the blood and lungs, and deposition of excessive abnormal A1AT protein in liver cells. There are several forms and degrees of deficiency, principally depending on whether the sufferer has one or two copies of the affected gene. Severe A1AT deficiency causes panacinar emphysema or COPD in adult life in many people with the condition (especially if they are exposed to cigarette smoke), as well as various liver diseases in a minority of children and adults, and occasionally more unusual problems. It is treated by avoidance of damaging inhalants, by intravenous infusions of the A1AT protein, by transplantation of the liver or lungs, and by a variety of other measures              read more...

A Cure For The Common Cold? New Drug Could Cure Nearly Any Viral Infection

Most bacterial infections can be treated with antibioticssuch as penicillin, discovered decades ago. However, such drugs are useless against viral infections, including influenza, the common cold, and deadly hemorrhagic fevers such as Ebola. 

Now, in a development that could transform how viral infections are treated, a team of researchers at MIT's Lincoln Laboratory has designed a drug that can identify cells that have been infected by any type of virus, then kill those cells to terminate the infection. 

In a paper published July 27 in the journal PLoS One, the researchers tested their drug against 15 viruses, and found it was effective against all of them - including rhinoviruses that cause the common cold, H1N1 influenza, a stomach virus, a poliovirus, dengue fever and several other types of hemorrhagic fever.read more... 

What is your answer!

This young boy suffers from:

A) Hutchinson triad

B) Foeser-Kennedey syndrome

C)  Marcus Gunn pupil

D) Marcus Gunn phenomenon

E) Argyll-Robertson pupil

What is the diagnose?

M.D. is a 35-year-old Malay labourer who presented

with progressive shortness of breath on exertion 3/12.

There was no history of chest pain, palpitation, or

swelling of the legs. He sleeps with two pillows.

There was no history of acute rheumatic fever. He denies using illicit drugs. He was diagnosed to have a“murmur” in the heart in childhood.

Physical examination:

Afebrile

Orthopnea

Tachypnea

Polycythaemia

BP136/85 mmHg, PR 98/min regular, non-collapsing

JVP: elevated

Heart: Apex beat 6th ICS 3 cm lateral to MCL,

forceful

No L parasterne

Loud split 2nd HS
EDM 1/6 in L sternal edge

Chest: NAD

Abdomen: Liver 2fb

CNS: NAD

What is your diagnosis?

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